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Displaying Source Code(s)
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Bricks game in C.
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#include <iostream.h>
#include <conio.h>
#include <ctype.h>
# include <process.h>
# include <dos.h>
# include <stdlib.h>
# include <graphics.h>
# include <stdio.h>
# define NULL 0
# define YES 1
# define NO 0
#define ESC 0x1b /* Define the escape key */
int MaxX, MaxY, MidX, MidY ;
int bri[5][20] ;
int GraphDriver; /* The Graphics device driver */
int GraphMode; /* The Graphics mode value */
double AspectRatio; /* Aspect ratio of a pixel on the screen*/
int MaxXX, MaxYY; /* The maximum resolution of the screen */
int MaxColors; /* The maximum # of colors available */
int ErrorCode; /* Reports any graphics errors */
struct palettetype palette; /* Used to read palette info*/
// Initialize the graphics mode
void Initialize(void);
// Display the last screen of bricks
void SayGoodbye(void);
// Establish the main window for the demo
void MainWindow(char *header);
// Display the message Press any key to continue at last screen
void StatusLine(char *msg);
// Draws a boarder line at last screen
void DrawBorder(void);
// Changes the text style
void changetextstyle(int font, int direction, int charsize);
// Welcome screen of bricks game
mainscreen();
// Instruction messages of bricks game
screen();
// To display the bricks (in square box) and paddles in
rectangle form and
bulbs rounded form
bricks();
// Delete a bricks when bulb hit it
delbrick(int,int);
// Echoes different musics
bell(int);
int graphmode = CGAHI, graphdriver = CGA, level;
main
()
{
union REGS ii, oo ;
int BallX, BallY, Base1, Base2, dx = 1, dy = -1, OldX, OldY ;
int totallayer[5] = { 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 }, max = 50, layer = 4
;
int i, flag = 0, speed = 25, score = 0, chance = 4, areareq ;
char *m1, *m2 ;
/* Function to initialise the graphics mode */
initgraph ( &graphdriver, &graphmode, "c:\tc\bgi " ) ;
mainscreen();
initgraph ( &graphdriver, &graphmode, "c:\tc\bgi " ) ;
/* get the maximum value of x and y coordinates of the screen */
MaxX = getmaxx() ;
MaxY = getmaxy() ;
/* finding the center of the screen */
MidX = MaxX / 2 ;
MidY = MaxY / 2 ;
/* create opening screen and accept the level of the player's */
level = screen() ;
/* assign the speed to ball as per the level chosen */
switch ( level )
{
case 'M' :
case 'm' :
speed = 15 ;
break ;
case 'F' :
case 'f' :
speed = 10 ;
}
/* draw the four layer of bricks, the paddle and the ball */
rectangle ( 0, 0, MaxX, MaxY - 12 ) ;
bricks() ;
rectangle ( MidX - 25, MaxY - 7 - 12, MidX + 25, MaxY - 12 ) ;
floodfill ( MidX, MaxY - 1 - 12, 12 ) ;
circle ( MidX, MaxY - 13 - 12, 12 ) ;
floodfill ( MidX, MaxY - 10 - 12, 12 ) ;
/* memory allocation for storing the image of the paddle */
areareq = imagesize ( MidX - 12, MaxY - 18, MidX + 12, MaxY - 8
) ;
m1 =((char*) malloc ( areareq )) ;
/* memory allocation for storing the image of the ball */
areareq = imagesize ( MidX - 25, MaxY - 7, MidX + 25, MaxY - 1 )
;
m2 =((char *) malloc ( areareq ) );
/* if unable to alloacte the memory */
if ( m1 == NULL || m2 == NULL )
{
puts ( "Not Enough memory!!" ) ;
exit ( 1 ) ;
}
/* image of the paddle and the ball is stored into allocated
memory */
getimage ( MidX - 12, MaxY - 7 - 12 - 12 + 1, MidX + 12, MaxY -
8 - 12,
m1 ) ;
getimage ( MidX - 25, MaxY - 7 - 12, MidX + 25, MaxY - 1 - 12,
m2 ) ;
/* store current position of the paddle and ball */
Base1 = MidX - 25 ;
Base2 = MaxY - 7 - 12 ;
BallX = MidX - 12 ;
BallY = MaxY - 7 - 12 + 1 - 12 ;
/* display balls remaining ( initially 3 ) */
gotoxy ( 45, 25 ) ;
cout<< "Balls :" ;
for ( i = 0 ; i < 3 ; i++ )
{
circle ( 515 + i * 35, MaxY - 5, 12 ) ;
floodfill ( 515 + i * 35, MaxY - 5, 12 ) ;
}
/* display starting score */
gotoxy ( 1, 25 ) ;
cout<< "Score: ";
gotoxy(16,25);
cout<<score;
/* select font and alignment for displaying text */
settextjustify ( CENTER_TEXT, CENTER_TEXT ) ;
changetextstyle ( GOTHIC_FONT, HORIZ_DIR, 4 ) ;
while ( 1 )
{
flag = 0 ;
/* saving current x and y coordinates of the ball */
OldX = BallX ;
OldY = BallY ;
/* update ballx and bally to move the ball in correct direction
*/
BallX = BallX + dx ;
BallY = BallY + dy ;
/* according to the position of ball the layer of bricks is
determined
*/
if ( BallY > 40 )
{
max = 50 ;
layer = 4 ;
}
else
{
if ( BallY > 30 )
{
max = 40 ;
layer = 3 ;
}
else
{
if ( BallY > 20 )
{
max = 30 ;
layer = 2 ;
}
else
{
if ( BallY > 10 )
{
max = 20 ;
layer = 1 ;
}
else
{
max = 10 ;
layer = 0 ;
}
}
}
}
/* if the ball hits the right boundary, move it to the left */
if ( BallX > ( MaxX - 24 - 1 ) )
{
bell ( 5 ) ;
BallX = MaxX - 24 - 1 ;
dx = -dx ;
}
/* if the ball hits the left boundary, move it to the right */
if ( BallX < 1 )
{
bell ( 5 ) ;
BallX = 1 ;
dx = -dx ;
}
/* if the ball hits the top boundary, move it down */
if ( BallY < 1 )
{
bell ( 5 ) ;
BallY = 1 ;
dy = -dy ;
}
/* if the ball is in the area of the bricks */
if ( BallY < max )
{
/* if there is no brick at the top of the ball */
if ( bri[layer][ ( BallX + 10 ) / 32 ] == 1 )
{
/* if the ball touches a brick */
for ( i = 1 ; i <= 6 ; i++ )
{
/* check whether there is a brick to the right of the ball */
if ( bri[layer][ ( BallX + i + 10 ) / 32 ] == 0 )
{
/* if there is a brick */
BallX = BallX + i ;
flag = 1 ;
break ;
}
/* check whether there is a brick to the left of the ball */
if ( bri[layer][ ( BallX - i + 10 ) / 32 ] == 0 )
{
BallX = BallX - i ;
flag = 1 ;
break ;
}
}
/* if the ball does not touch a brick at the top, left or right
*/
if ( !flag )
{
/* check if the ball has moved above the current layer */
if ( BallY < totallayer[layer - 1] )
{
/* if so, change current layer appropriately */
layer-- ;
max = totallayer[layer] ;
}
/* restore the image of the ball at the old coordinates */
putimage ( OldX, OldY, m1, OR_PUT ) ;
/* erase the image at the old coordinates */
putimage ( OldX, OldY, m1, XOR_PUT ) ;
/* place the image of the ball at the new coordinates */
putimage ( BallX, BallY, m1, XOR_PUT ) ;
/* delay for fewseconds*/
delay ( speed ) ;
/* carry on moving the ball */
continue ;
}
}
/* when ball touch the brick control comes to this point */
bell ( 5 ) ; /* play music */
/* erase the touched brick */
delbrick ( ( BallX + 10 ) / 32, layer ) ;
/* if the brick hit is on the extreme right */
if ( ( BallX + 10 ) / 32 == 19 )
line ( MaxX, 0, MaxX, 50 ) ; /* redraw right boundary */
/* if the brick hit is on the extreme left */
if ( ( BallX + 10 ) / 32 == 0 )
line ( 0, 0, 0, 50 ) ; /* redraw left boundary */
/* if the brick hit is in the topmost layer */
if ( layer == 0 )
line ( 0, 0, MaxX, 0 ) ; /* redraw top boundary */
/* set appropriate array element to 1 to indicate absence of
brick */
bri[layer][ ( BallX + 10 ) / 32 ] = 1 ;
BallY = BallY + 1 ; /* update the y coordinate */
dy = -dy ; /* change the current direction of the ball */
score += 10 ; /* increment the score by 10 */
gotoxy ( 16, 25 ) ;
cout<< score; /* display latest score */
/* if the first brick is hit during a throw*/
}
/* if ball reached the bottom */
if ( BallY > 180 - 12 )
{
/* if paddle missed the ball */
if ( BallX < Base1 - 20 || BallX > Base1 + 50 )
{
/* continue the decrement of the ball */
while ( BallY < 177 )
{
/* erase the image of the ball at the old coordinates */
putimage ( OldX, OldY, m1, XOR_PUT ) ;
/* put the image of the ball at the new coordinates */
putimage ( BallX, BallY, m1, XOR_PUT ) ;
/* introduce delay for fewseconds */
delay ( speed ) ;
/* saveing current x and y coordinates of the ball */
OldX = BallX ;
OldY = BallY ;
/* update ballx and bally to move the ball in correct direction
*/
BallX = BallX + dx ;
BallY = BallY + dy ;
}
chance-- ; /* decrement the total number of chances */
score -= 10 ; /* decrement 10 points for each ball lost */
gotoxy ( 16, 25 ) ;
cout<< score; /* display latest score */
bell ( 1 ) ;
/* erase one of the available balls */
if ( chance )
putimage ( 515 + ( chance - 1 ) * 35 - 12 , MaxY - 10, m1,
XOR_PUT )
;
/* if the last ball is being played */
if ( chance == 1 )
{
gotoxy ( 45, 25 ) ;
cout<< "Last ball... careful!";
}
/* if all the balls are lost */
if ( !chance )
{
gotoxy ( 45, 25 ) ;
cout<<"Press any key to continue ... " ;
outtextxy ( MidX, MidY, "Better luck next time" ) ;
bell ( 2 ) ;
closegraph() ;
restorecrtmode() ;
closegraph(); /* Close the graphics mode */
Initialize(); /* Intialize the graphics mode */
setbkcolor(4);
SayGoodbye(); /* Display the That's all Folks message */
closegraph(); /* Return the system to text mode */
exit ( 0 ) ;
}
}
/* if ball is collected on paddle */
bell ( 4 ) ;
BallY = 180 - 12 ; /* restore the y coordinate of ball */
dy = -dy ; /* move the ball upwards */
}
/* put the image of the ball at the old coordinates */
putimage ( OldX, OldY, m1, OR_PUT ) ;
/* erase the image of the ball at the old coordinates */
putimage ( OldX, OldY, m1, XOR_PUT ) ;
/* put the image of the ball at the upadted coordinates */
putimage ( BallX, BallY, m1, XOR_PUT ) ;
/* if all the bricks have been knockout */
if ( score == 500 - ( ( 4 - chance ) * 20 ) )
{
outtextxy ( MidX, MidY, "Winner !!" ) ;
if ( score < 600 )
outtextxy ( MidX, MidY + 30, "Try to score 600" ) ;
else
outtextxy ( MidX, MidY + 30, " GREAT!" ) ;
bell ( 2 ) ;
closegraph() ;
restorecrtmode() ;
exit ( 0 ) ;
}
/* introduce delay for few seconds */
delay ( speed ) ;
/* if the key is pressed to move the paddle */
if ( kbhit() )
{
/* interrupt issue to obtain the ascii and scan codes of key hit
*/
ii.h.ah = 0 ;
int86 ( 22, &ii, &oo ) ;
/* put the image of the paddle at the old coordinates */
putimage ( Base1, Base2, m2, OR_PUT ) ;
/* erase the image of the paddle at the old coordinates */
putimage ( Base1, Base2, m2, XOR_PUT ) ;
/* if Esc key has been pressed */
if ( oo.h.ah == 1 )
exit ( 0 ) ;
/* right arrow key */
if ( oo.h.ah == 75 )
Base1 = Base1 - 25 ;
/* left arrow key */
if ( oo.h.ah == 77 )
Base1= Base1 + 25 ;
/* if paddle goes beyond left boundary */
if ( Base1 < 0 )
Base1 = 0 ;
/* if paddle goes beyond right boundary */
if ( Base1 > 589 )
Base1 = 589 ;
/* put the image of the paddle at the proper position */
putimage ( Base1, Base2, m2, XOR_PUT ) ;
}
}
closegraph();
Initialize();
SayGoodbye(); /* Give user the closing screen */
closegraph(); /* Return the system to text mode */
return(0);
}
/* This function creates the opening screen and
displyed instruction related to the game */
screen()
{
int i, j, lx = 0, ly = 0, ch ;
rectangle(1,1,600,195);
setbkcolor(4);
/* set the textstyle for displaying instruction */
changetextstyle ( DEFAULT_FONT, HORIZ_DIR, 0 ) ;
outtextxy ( 150, 55, " Instructions " ) ;
changetextstyle (4, HORIZ_DIR, 5 );
outtextxy ( 130, 0, " B R I C K S" ) ;
changetextstyle ( DEFAULT_FONT, HORIZ_DIR, 0 ) ;
outtextxy ( 30, 68, "Use left and right arrow keys to move
paddle." ) ;
outtextxy ( 30, 88, "If you don't collect the ball on the
paddle, you
lose the ball." ) ;
outtextxy ( 30, 108, "On loosing a ball you loose 20 points." )
;
outtextxy ( 30, 128, "On taking a brick you gain 5 points." ) ;
changetextstyle(7, HORIZ_DIR, 3);
outtextxy ( 100, 148, "Press any key to continue ..." ) ;
bell ( 3 ) ; /* ring music */
fflush ( stdin ) ;
if ( getch() == 0 )
getch() ;
closegraph();
initgraph ( &graphdriver, &graphmode, "c:\tc\bgi " ) ;
rectangle(2,2,620,195);
setbkcolor(4);
/* display the main menu */
while ( 1 )
{
changetextstyle(4,HORIZ_DIR,5);
outtextxy ( 60, 8, "Options Available:" ) ;
outtextxy ( 150, 55, "Play ( P )" ) ;
outtextxy ( 150, 125, "Exit ( E )" ) ;
ch = 0 ;
/* continue untill you select the correct choice */
while ( ! ( ch == 'E' || ch == 'P' ) )
{
fflush ( stdin ) ;
/* if a special key is hit, flush the keyboard buffer */
if ( ( ch = getch() ) == 0 )
getch() ;
else
ch = toupper ( ch ) ; /* store the uppercase of the choice
made*/
}
if ( ch == 'P' )
break ;
if (ch == 'E')
exit ( 0 ) ;
}
setviewport ( 1, 125 - 12, MaxX - 1, MaxY - 1, 1 ) ;
clearviewport() ;
closegraph();
initgraph ( &graphdriver, &graphmode, "c:\tc\bgi " ) ;
rectangle(2,2,620,195);
setbkcolor(4);
/* display menu for the diffrent levels */
changetextstyle(7,HORIZ_DIR,3);
outtextxy ( 60, 8, "Select the level for play:" ) ;
outtextxy ( 150,50, "Slow ( S )" ) ;
outtextxy ( 150, 100, "Medium ( M )" ) ;
outtextxy ( 150, 150, "Fast ( F )" ) ;
/* accept user's choice */
fflush ( stdin ) ;
if ( ( ch = getch() ) == 0 )
getch() ;
clearviewport() ;
/* return the choice selected by the user */
return ( ch ) ;
}
/* This function draws bricks at the start of the game.There are
four
layers of
the bricks */
bricks()
{
int i, j, lx = 0, ly = 0 ;
for ( i = 0 ; i < 5 ; i++ ) /* 5 rows */
{
for ( j = 0 ; j < 30 ; j++ ) /* 20 columns */
{
/* draw a brick at appropriate coordinates */
rectangle ( lx, ly, lx + 20, ly + 7 ) ;
floodfill ( lx + 1, ly + 1, 2 ) ;
lx = lx + 32 ;
}
lx = 0 ;
ly = ly + 10 ;
}
}
/* This function erases the brick which is knock by the ball */
delbrick ( int b, int l )
{
/* b - brick number, l - layer */
setcolor ( BLACK ) ;
rectangle ( b * 32, l * 10, ( b * 32 ) + 20 , ( l * 10 ) + 7 ) ;
rectangle ( b * 32 + 1, l * 10, ( b * 32 ) + 20 - 1, ( l * 10 )
+ 7 - 1 )
;
rectangle ( b * 32 + 2, l * 10, ( b * 32 ) + 20 - 2, ( l * 10 )
+ 7 - 2 )
;
rectangle ( b * 32 + 3, l * 10, ( b * 32 ) + 20 - 3, ( l * 10 )
+ 7 - 3 )
;
rectangle ( b * 32 + 4, l * 10, ( b * 32 ) + 20 - 4, ( l * 10 )
+ 7 - 4 )
;
rectangle ( b * 32 + 5, l * 10, ( b * 32 ) + 20 - 5, ( l * 10 )
+ 7 - 5 )
;
rectangle ( b * 32 + 6, l * 10, ( b * 32 ) + 20 - 6, ( l * 10 )
+ 7 - 6 )
;
setcolor ( CGA_YELLOW ) ;
}
/* plays different types of music */
bell ( int m_no )
{
/* natural frequencies of 7 notes */
float wave[6] = { 120.81, 136.83, 144.81, 154.61, 216, 240 } ;
int n, i ;
switch ( m_no )
{
case 1 :
for ( i = 0 ; i < 6 ; i++ )
{
sound ( wave[i] * 1 ) ;
delay ( 30 ) ;
}
nosound() ;
break ;
case 2 :
for ( i = 0 ; i < 15 ; i++ )
{
n = random ( 6 ) ;
sound ( wave[n] * 2 ) ;
delay ( 100 ) ;
}
nosound() ;
break ;
case 3 :
while ( !kbhit() )
{
n = random ( 6 ) ;
sound ( wave[n] * 2 ) ;
delay ( 100 ) ;
}
nosound() ;
/* flush the keyboard buffer */
if ( getch() == 0 )
getch() ;
break ;
case 4 :
for ( i = 5 ; i >= 0 ; i-- )
{
sound ( wave[i] * 4 ) ;
delay ( 15 ) ;
}
nosound() ;
break ;
case 5 :
sound ( wave[2] * 5 ) ;
delay ( 50 ) ;
nosound() ;
}
}
/* */
/* INITIALIZE: Initializes the graphics system and reports */
/* any errors which occured. */
/* */
void Initialize(void)
{
int xasp, yasp; /* Used to read the aspect ratio*/
GraphDriver = DETECT; /* Request auto-detection */
initgraph( &GraphDriver, &GraphMode, "c:\tc\bgi" );
ErrorCode = graphresult(); /* Read result of initialization*/
if( ErrorCode != grOk ){ /* Error occured during init */
printf(" Graphics System Error: %s<BR>, grapherrormsg( ErrorCode
) );
exit( 1 );
}
getpalette( &palette ); /* Read the palette from board */
MaxColors = getmaxcolor() + 1; /* Read maximum number of
colors*/
MaxXX = getmaxx();
MaxYY = getmaxy(); /* Read size of screen */
getaspectratio( &xasp, &yasp ); /* read the hardware aspect */
AspectRatio = (double)xasp / (double)yasp; /* Get correction
factor */
}
/* */
/* SAYGOODBYE: Give a closing screen to the user before leaving.
*/
/* */
void SayGoodbye(void)
{
struct viewporttype viewinfo; /* Structure to read viewport */
int h, w;
MainWindow( "== Finale ==" );
getviewsettings( &viewinfo ); /* Read viewport settings */
changetextstyle( TRIPLEX_FONT, HORIZ_DIR, 4 );
settextjustify( CENTER_TEXT, CENTER_TEXT );
h = viewinfo.bottom - viewinfo.top;
w = viewinfo.right - viewinfo.left;
outtextxy( w/2, h/2, "That's all, folks!" );
StatusLine( "Press any key to EXIT" );
getch();
cleardevice(); /* Clear the graphics screen */
}
/* */
/* MAINWINDOW: Establish the main window for the demo and set */
/* a viewport for the demo code. */
/* */
void MainWindow( char *header )
{
int height;
cleardevice(); /* Clear graphics screen */
setcolor( MaxColors - 1 ); /* Set current color to white */
setviewport( 0, 0, MaxXX, MaxYY, 1 ); /* Open port to full
screen */
height = textheight( "H" ); /* Get basic text height */
changetextstyle( DEFAULT_FONT, HORIZ_DIR, 1 );
settextjustify( CENTER_TEXT, TOP_TEXT );
outtextxy( MaxXX/2, 2, header );
setviewport( 0, height+4, MaxXX, MaxYY-(height+4), 1 );
DrawBorder();
setviewport( 1, height+5, MaxXX-1, MaxYY-(height+5), 1 );
}
/* */
/* STATUSLINE: Display a status line at the bottom of the
screen. */
/* */
void StatusLine( char *msg )
{
int height;
setviewport( 0, 0, MaxXX, MaxYY, 1 ); /* Open port to full
screen */
setcolor( MaxColors - 1 ); /* Set current color to white */
changetextstyle( DEFAULT_FONT, HORIZ_DIR, 1 );
settextjustify( CENTER_TEXT, TOP_TEXT );
setlinestyle( SOLID_LINE, 0, NORM_WIDTH );
setfillstyle( EMPTY_FILL, 0 );
height = textheight( "H" ); /* Detemine current height */
bar( 0, MaxYY-(height+4), MaxXX, MaxYY );
rectangle( 0, MaxYY-(height+4), MaxXX, MaxYY );
outtextxy( MaxXX/2, MaxYY-(height+2), msg );
setviewport( 1, height+5, MaxXX-1, MaxYY-(height+5), 1 );
}
/* */
/* DRAWBORDER: Draw a solid single line around the current */
/* viewport. */
/* */
void DrawBorder(void)
{
struct viewporttype vp;
setcolor( MaxColors - 1 ); /* Set current color to white */
setlinestyle( SOLID_LINE, 0, NORM_WIDTH );
getviewsettings( &vp );
rectangle( 0, 0, vp.right-vp.left, vp.bottom-vp.top );
}
/* */
/* CHANGETEXTSTYLE: similar to settextstyle, but checks for */
/* errors that might occur whil loading the font file. */
/* */
void changetextstyle(int font, int direction, int charsize)
{
int ErrorCode;
graphresult(); /* clear error code */
settextstyle(font, direction, charsize);
ErrorCode = graphresult(); /* check result */
if( ErrorCode != grOk ){ /* if error occured */
closegraph();
printf(" Graphics System Error: %s<BR>, grapherrormsg( ErrorCode
) );
exit( 1 );
}
}
/* The main function body of main screen which displays the main
screen
creating the opening screen display */
mainscreen()
{
int maxx, maxy, in, area;
// get maximum x, y coordinates of the screen
maxx = getmaxx();
maxy = getmaxy();
// setbkcolor sets the current background color using the
palette
setbkcolor(RED);
// Draws a rectangle (graphics mode)
rectangle(0, 0, maxx, maxy);
// sets the line style and text justification in screen
changetextstyle(1, HORIZ_DIR, 0);
// displaying the output text on main screen
outtextxy(220, 20, "WELCOME");
outtextxy(240,60," TO ");
outtextxy(220,100," BRICKS");
changetextstyle(7, HORIZ_DIR, 3);
bell(3);
outtextxy(110, 150, "Press any key to continue...");
// Flushes the standard input device
fflush(stdin);
getch();
closegraph();
}
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